What is Teeth Grinding

The technical term for teeth grinding is bruxism, which includes both teeth grinding and jaw clenching. Bruxism occurs in most people at some point during their lives, and is typically mild and not a major cause for concern. However, bruxism can at times cause health problems, particularly among those prone to night-time teeth grinding. In fact, bruxism is one of the most common sleep disorders across populations.

The precise cause of bruxism is not known, though it has often been linked to stress and anxiety. Other factors associated with bruxism include other sleep disorders, malocclusion, high levels of caffeine and alcohol consumption, smoking, obsessive compulsive disorder, and other disorders such as Huntington's and Parkinson's.

Many people who grind their teeth do so completely unaware, and often it is a partner who alerts them to their habit. Some, though, experience symptoms, such as jaw pain and headaches. Bruxism is the leading cause of occlusal trauma, meaning trauma to the teeth, as well as a significant cause of tooth loss and gum recession. Other symptoms include insomnia, eye irritation, depression, earaches, and vertigo.

Bruxism can be extremely difficult to diagnose, as there are a number of factors that may be responsible for the wearing down of teeth. One way to diagnose the disorder is using EMG (electromyographic) measurements, which pick up electric signals from chewing muscles. Though EMGs are frequently used in sleep labs, there are also varieties available for consumer use. In addition, it is important to attend regular check-ups and cleanings with your dentist, as they will be best-equipped to identify early signs of the disorder.

There is no one single cure for bruxism, although some reports suggest that it can be reduced or eliminated by treating associated factors, such as other sleep disorders. Reducing stress has also been suggested to help reduce teeth grinding.

Dental guards, or splints, which are typically fitted and monitored by a dentist, can also be used for ongoing management of bruxism. These mouth guards must be worn nightly, and help reduce tooth damage and problems caused by bruxism, though do not address the cause of the teeth grinding.

Botox and muscle relaxants have occasionally been used as a form of treatment. In addition, dental treatments can help correct malocclusions that may be contributing to bruxism, as well as repair any damage that has been done.